驻马店地区小麦黄花叶病害病原鉴定与品种抗性评价

摘要

In order to determine the virus isolates types of wheat yellow mosaic disease in Zhumadian of Henan province, and evaluate resistance of winter wheat cultivars currently promoted in Zhumadian to wheat yellow mosaic disease,from 2013 to 2014 a total of 13 wheat samples collected from different fields in Zhumadian were investigated using ELISA, and under the same field experiment conditions, the resistance of 12 common wheat cultivars was tested in the disease nursery and non-disease nursery at Suiping county. The results showed that wheat yellow mosaic virus(WYMV) was found in 4 sites(30. 8%of the 13 sites) ,and Chinese wheat mosaic virus( CWMV) was not detected in all the sites. In 12 wheat varieties tested, two cultivars ( Yunong 416 and Hengguan 35, 16. 7% of those tested ) were highly resistant to WYMV,two cultivars ( Fanmai 8 and Huayu 198,16. 7% of those tested) were moderately resistant or moderately susceptible,and the remaining cultivars (66. 6% of those tested) were highly susceptible. There was a big difference in the wheat yield and yield three factors between different cultivars. The results indicate that WYMV has a certain range of distribution in Zhumadian area, and CWMV is not detected yet. Yunong 416 and Hengguan 35 have a certain resistance to wheat yellow mosaic disease in the region.%为了解驻马店地区小麦黄花叶病病毒分离物的类型及该地区主要推广小麦品种对小麦黄花叶病的抗性表现,对驻马店地区13个不同地点同一小麦品种上病毒分离物进行鉴定,并在同一田间试验条件下,对驻马店地区主要推广的12个小麦品种进行田间抗性评价。结果表明,随机选取的13个地点中有4个地点的样品中检测出小麦黄花叶病毒(WYMV),占总样品的30.8%,所有地点均未检测到中国小麦花叶病毒( CWMV)。在供试的12个小麦品种中,豫农416和衡观35表现为高抗,占供试品种的16.7%；泛麦8号和华育198表现为中抗或中感,占供试品种的16.7%；另外8个品种则表现为感病,占供试品种的66.6%。不同小麦品种在病圃区的产量及产量构成因素存在较大差异。以上结果表明,WYMV在驻马店地区有一定范围的分布,暂未检测到CWMV；该地区主推的小麦品种中豫农416和衡观35对小麦黄花叶病具有一定的抗性。