除草剂与除草膜配合使用对烟田杂草的防除效果

摘要

为了筛选适合烟田使用的高效除草措施,选用29％精喹异恶松乳油、50％仲灵异恶松乳油、720 g/L异丙甲草胺乳油、50％敌草胺可湿性粉剂和50％砜嘧磺隆水分散粒剂等5种除草剂分别对烟田杂草进行化学防除试验,筛选出防除效果最佳的除草剂后,进行黑色地膜和白色地膜与除草剂结合使用的杂草防除试验.结果表明,药后30 d和45 d,对烟田总草防除效果最好的除草剂均为50％仲灵异恶松乳油,其对烟田杂草株数总防效分别是89.57％和72.96％,鲜质量总防效分别为92.88％和74.36％.5种除草剂对烟田总草株数和鲜质量的防除效果一致,均表现为仲灵异恶松＞砜嘧磺隆＞敌草胺＞精喹异恶松＞异丙甲草胺.除草膜与除草剂综合防治试验结果表明,施药后30 d和45 d,对烟田总草防除效果最好的处理均是仲灵异恶松+黑色地膜,株数总防效分别是98.14％和94.03％,鲜质量总防效分别是93.92％和91.93％.5种防控措施对烟田总草株数和鲜质量的防除效果一致,均表现为仲灵异恶松+黑色地膜＞黑色地膜＞仲灵异恶松+白色地膜＞仲灵异恶松＞白色地膜.综上,黑色地膜对烟田杂草株数和鲜质量的防除效果很好,其与仲灵异恶松结合使用后防除效果更佳.%In order to select highly effective weeds prevention and control technology for tobacco fields,a chemical control experiment on weeds was conducted with five kinds of herbicides (50％ Butralin clomazone,50％ Rimsulfuron,50％ Napropamide,29％ Quizalofop-p-ethyl clomazone and 720 g/L Metolachlor) to select the best herbicide,and then a integrated control experiment of black film,white film and the best herbicide was conducted.In the chemical experiment,50％ Butralin clomazone showed the best weed control effect after 30 days and 45 days.The control effects on total weed number and fresh weight respectively were 89.57％,72.96％ and 92.88％,74.36％ under the treatment of 50％ Butralin clomazone.Both control effects on total weed number and fresh weight of five herbicides showed similar as Butralin clomazone ＞ Rimsulfuron ＞ Napropamide ＞ Quizalofop-p-ethyl clomazone ＞ Metolachlor.In the combinational experiment,black mulch + Butralin clomazone showed the best control effects on total weed number and fresh weight,98.14％,94.03％,and 93.92％,91.93％ respectively after 30 days and 45 days.Both control effects on total weed number and fresh weight of five treatments showed similar as Butralin clomazone + black film ＞ black film ＞ Butralin clomazone + while film ＞ Butralin clomazone ＞ while film.Black mulch showed a significant control effect on weed number and fresh weight in tobacco fields,when combined with Butralin clomazone,the control effect got better.