低浓度吸氧对福尔马林暴露大鼠气管及肺组织的保护作用

摘要

目的 给予福尔马林暴露大鼠吸入低浓度氧气后,观察其气管及肺组织的光、电镜形态学改变,为预防及治疗福尔马林对呼吸系统的损伤提供理论基础.方法 18只雄性SD大鼠随机分成对照组、福尔马林暴露组、福尔马林暴露+吸氧组,每组6只.对照组大鼠呼吸自然空气,福尔马林暴露组大鼠及福尔马林暴露+吸氧组大鼠每天吸入福尔马林12h,福尔马林暴露+吸氧组大鼠福尔马林暴露完毕后立即吸入浓度为29%的氧气,1次/d,1h/次.对照组和福尔马林暴露组大鼠此时呼吸自然空气.连续吸入25d后处死大鼠取气管、肺组织,通过光学显微镜和透射电镜观察其形态学改变.结果 与福尔马林暴露组相比,福尔马林暴露+吸氧组大鼠光学显微镜下可见气管及肺组织的水肿及炎性改变均有所减轻,透射电镜下虽然板层小体结构仍显紊乱,但Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞胞浆内未见空泡;肺泡腔内虽仍可见红细胞及少量坏死细胞碎片,但也未见空泡.结论 低浓度吸氧可改善福尔马林暴露所导致的大鼠气管及肺组织的病理损伤.%Objective SD rats inhaled low concentration oxygen after exposed to formalin and the morphology change of trachea and lung tissue was observed to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of respiratory system damage induced by formalin. Methods Eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into control group, formalin group and formalin + oxygen group. Control group breathed air in the box. Formalin group and formalin + oxygen group inhaled formalin for 12 hours every day in the box. After formalin exposure,the control group and formalin group breathed air,The formalin + oxygen group was immediately provided with 29% oxygen in a airtight container for one hour every day. After 25 days, the morphology change of trachea and lung tissue was observed by the optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. Results Edema and inflammatory change in trachea and lung tissue of the formalin + oxygen group observed by optical microscope was lighter than that of the formalin group. TEM showed lamellar body structure remained disorder and there were still red blood cells and a small amount of necrotic cell debris in alveolar space, but there was no vacuoles in Type II alveolar epithelial cells and alveolar space. Conclusion low concentration oxygen inhaltation can improve the pathological damage of trachea and lung tissue induced by formalin.