甲醛气体胁迫对3种观赏植物的形态及部分生理指标的影响

摘要

以一串红(Salvia splends)、吊竹梅(Zebrina pendula)、吊兰(Chlorophytum comosum)为材料,采用自制的甲醛密闭仓以熏气法设定4个浓度(0、40、80、120 mg/m3)进行试验.在处理24 h后,分别对其外观形态和部分生理指标进行测定.结果表明:随着甲醛浓度的增加,一串红首先受害,叶片出现了焦边现象;当甲醛浓度为80mg/m3时,吊竹梅叶片出现萎蔫症状,吊兰无明显变化.随甲醛胁迫加强,3种植物的MDA含量、可溶性糖含量、相对电导率、叶绿素含量等均呈上升趋势,且可溶性糖含量、相对电导率与叶片的伤害率呈显著相关;可溶性蛋白质含量的变化与伤害率相关性不显著.综合分析结果得出,吊兰对甲醛的抗性最强,其后依次为吊竹梅、一串红;后两者受伤害的甲醛浓度阀分别为80 mg/m3和40 mg/m3.%The morphology and partial physiological indexes of Salvia splends, Zebrina pendula and Chlorophytum comosum were studied after 24 h exposure of formaldehyde gas(0, 40, 80 and 120 mg/m3)in a closed chamber. The results showed that: S. splends was injured firstly,whose leaves appeared coke side; the leaves of Z. pendula wilt at 80 mg/m3 content; but C.comosum had no significant changes with the increasing of formaldehyde content. The contents of MDA and soluble sugar, relative conductivity, chlorophyll content showed an increasing tendency and the contents of soluble sugar and relative conductivity correlated significantly with the injury rates of leaves, while soluble protein content had no significant correlation with the injury rates of leaves in three plants with the formaldehyde stress strengthened. In conclusion, C. comosum had the highest resistence and Z. pendula had the higher resistence than S.splends;Z. pendula and S. splends could tolerate the concentration of formaldehyde 80 mg/m3 and 40 mg/m3 , respectively.