多孔水闸少数孔开启条件下主流扩散研究

摘要

针对多孔水闸少数孔开启时主流被压缩,跃后水深大于同种条件下的二元水跃而不利于海漫防冲的问题,本研究基于重力相似准则,建立了1∶100的水闸模型,并引入一种潜没式三角翼,在多种工况下对水闸泄水中主流受压缩的水跃情况进行了试验研究.结果表明:潜没式三角翼能够促进底部主流的扩散,降低跃后水深和下游水面波动率,减轻海漫的防冲压力.在此基础上,本研究对三角翼的分流角和最佳布置位置进行了初步研究,为工程应用提供了依据.%For solving the problem that the mainstream is compressed when the multiple-outlet sluice is opened partly,and the hydraulic jump height is greater than that of 2D hydraulic jump,which is not conducive to the erosion prevention of apron,a 1∶100 sluice model based on gravity similarity criterion is established and a submerged triangle wing is introduced to study hydraulic jump in condition of the compressed mainstream in different situations.The results show that the triangle wing can accelerate the diffusion at the bottom of the mainstream,decrease the depth of hydraulic jump and the fluctuation ratio of downstream water surface,and reduce the prevention pressure to the apron.Furthermore,a preliminary study is carried out on the diversion angle of the triangle wing and the optimal location,which provides a basis for engineering applications.