冀棉958在冀中南棉区适宜种植密度研究

摘要

为探索冀棉958在冀中南地区生产上的适宜种植密度，在棉花行宽0.8 m条件下，设种植密度3.75万、5.25万和6.75万株/hm2计3个处理，分析了不同种植密度下棉花主要农艺性状、光合特性和产量的变化。结果表明：随着种植密度的增大，棉花株型趋于紧凑，其中，6.75万株/hm2密度处理的始节高度和第1果枝节位均最高，果枝与主茎夹角最小，适宜机械化收获；单株果枝数、单株铃数、叶绿素含量、光合速率以及棉花各部位的单铃重和衣分均逐渐降低，但仅单株铃数差异达到了显著水平；籽棉产量和皮棉产量均逐渐提高，其中，6.75万株/hm2与5.25万株/hm2密度处理的皮棉产量差异不显著，但二者均显著>3.75万株/hm2密度处理。在冀中南地区，冀棉958适宜的种植密度为5.25万~6.75万株/hm2。%In order to determine the optimum planting density of Jimian 958 in the middle south region of Hebei,the changes of main agronomic characters,photosynthesis and yield of upland cotton were studied. Treatments of different planting density were 3.75í104,5.25í104,6.75í104 plants/hm2. The results showed that number of fruit branches per plant,boll number per plant,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic rate, single boll weight and lint percentage of different parts decreased with the increase of density. Index val-ues reached the highest at 3.75í104 plants/hm2 density.Percentage of seed-cotton before frost and percent-age of hard seed-cotton increased with planting density and reached the highest at 6.75í104 plants/hm2 density. Yield was also increased with planting density and reached the highest at 6.75í104 plants/hm2 density. The lint yield difference between 5.25í104 and 6.75í104 plants/hm2 was not significant, but the two were significantly higher than 3.75í104 plants/hm2. Therefore,the best planting density of Jimian 958 in the middle south region of Hebei is 5.25í104-6.75í104 plants/hm2.