抗旱节水冬小麦新品种衡136主要性状分析与评价

摘要

衡136是河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所培育的抗旱节水冬小麦新品种。在当前河北省地下水超采严重的背景下，为缓解农业用水矛盾突出问题，以2008~2011年国家黄淮冬麦区旱肥组、河北省黑龙港流域节水组的区域试验和生产试验结果，以及2011~2013年度国家小麦产业技术体系河北麦区节水高效品种筛选试验结果（衡水）为素材，对衡136的产量、产量构成因素、产量稳定性、抗旱性、水分利用率和抗寒性进行了分析与评价，旨在推广抗旱节水型小麦品种，服务于农业生产。结果表明：在干旱胁迫或限水灌溉条件下，衡136一般产量为6000~7500 kg/hm2，春浇1水时最高产量可达到9000 kg/hm2以上。该品种具有节水抗旱、抗寒、丰产稳产性好、产量三因素协调、适应性广等优点，抗旱指数为1.130，水分利用率在0水、1水和2水灌溉条件下分别较对照品种石4185提高17.3%、14.9%和10.5%，节水性强。%Heng 136 is a new winter wheat varieties with drought resistance and water saving bred by Dryland Farming Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences.Under the background of groundwater overdraft in Hebei Province, to ease the contradiction between agricultural water use. Taking the results of regional test and pro duction test of the national Huanghuai winter wheat area dry fertilizer group and Heilonggang basin of Hebei Province water-saving group in 2008-2011,and the results of effi-cient screening test of water-saving varieties in Hebei Province of national wheat industry technology system in 2011-2013 as the materials.The yield,yield component,yield stability,drought resistance,water use ef-ficiency and cold resistance of Heng 136 were analyzed and evaluated in order to promote drought resistant and water-saving wheat varieties. The results showed that under drought stress or limited water irrigation, the yield was 6 000-7 500 kg/hm2,when irrigated once in spring the yield chould reach to above 9 000 kg/hm2. It had the advantages of water saving,drought resistance,high and stable yield,yield three factors coor-dination,wide adaptability and so on. The drought resistance index was 1.130,under the conditions of on irrigation,irrigated once and twice,W UE were in-creased by 17.3%, 14.9% and 10.5% respectively compared with the control variety.