China and former Soviet Union,in the 1970s and 80s,were both in the situa-tion where reform was required. Deng Xiaoping and Gorbachev are representative reformers. Although there are similarities in terms of necessity and goal of the reform,their different un-derstanding on the nature of reform and different choice of methods lead to very different re-sult.%20世纪七、八十年代，社会主义的中国和苏联都处在不改革就不能继续前进的历史境地，中苏两党以邓小平和戈尔巴乔夫为代表都进行了改革。二者虽然在改革必要性和改革目的问题上存在着相似性，但由于对改革性质的不同认识和改革措施的不同选择，最终导致了大相径庭的改革结果。
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