以富裕为目标的黑龙江省边境地区精准扶贫路径设计

摘要

贫困是世界性难题,减少贫困是社会主义发展的本质要求.在全国精准扶贫战略部署下,黑龙江省的脱贫攻坚初显成效.黑龙江省共有28个贫困县,主要集中在东部和西部边境地区,边境贫困县成为黑龙江省脱贫攻坚的重点.通过实地调研和文献分析,全过程、多层次把脉黑龙江省边境地区的精准扶贫:以富裕为目标的精准扶贫顶层设计有待完善;以富裕为目标的精准扶贫行动方案尚需创新;以富裕为目标的精准扶贫仍受制于贫穷的代际传递;以富裕为目标的精准扶贫主体需要完善协同机制;以富裕为目标的精准扶贫资源囿于漏桶效应;以富裕为目标的精准扶贫对象存在筛选标准模糊.针对上述问题,结合黑龙江省边境地区地缘优势和资源特点,提出精准扶贫应以富裕为最终目标,给出精准扶贫、脱贫致富的可行性路径,厘清扶贫未必实现富裕、但富裕必定脱贫这一逻辑.%Poverty is a worldwide problem, and reducing poverty is also the essential requirement of the development of socialism. With the strategic disposition of targeted poverty alleviation nationwide, the efforts in poverty alleviation in Heilongjiang Province are already showing results. There are altogether twenty-eight poor counties in Heilongjiang Province, and these poor counties are mostly located in the eastern and western bor-der areas. So the poverty counties in border areas are the main focuses of the poverty alleviation in Heilongjiang Province. This study has adopted some research methods, such as extensive field research and literature analy-sis, to inspect the poverty alleviation in Heilongjiang Province. By doing this research, we have found that there are many problems in the poverty alleviation process in Heilongjiang Province. For example, the top-lev-el design of targeted poverty alleviation aiming to prosperity needs to be improved;the action plan of targeted poverty alleviation aiming to prosperity needs more innovation;the targeted poverty alleviation aiming to pros-perity is still constrained to the intergenerational transmission of poverty;the subjects of targeted poverty allevi-ation aiming to prosperity need to perfect the cooperation mechanism;the resources of targeted poverty allevia-tion aiming to prosperity exist the phenomenon of leaked barrel effect;the objects of the targeted poverty alle-viation aiming to prosperity can not be selected with a clear standard. In view of all these problems mentioned above, we will take the geographic advantages and the characteristics of resources in Heilongjiang Province in-to consideration, and then we will take prosperity as the ultimate goal of targeted poverty alleviation and put forward feasible paths of targeted poverty alleviation to help people alleviate poverty and become prosperous. And also we will make it clear that poverty alleviation do not necessarily means the realization of prosperity, but prosperity definitely means getting rid of poverty.