潜艇热隐蔽性及“弗吉尼亚”级热特征研究

摘要

Based on the problems of increasingly lowering the noise of modern nuclear submarines and the difficulty in detecting noise with regular acoustic methods, the theory and method of detecting nuclear submarines by its ther-mal features are investigated in this paper. Thermal stealth, thermal safety, thermal visibility, thermal guard and thermal features of submarines are defined. As an example, the thermal features of the SSN-774 of the “Virginia”class were researched, and the following conclusions were reached:when a nuclear submarine is navigating under the water, thermal features take shape in principle due to the destroyed temperature stratification of the sea; ther-mal detection is carried out on the basis of temperature changes in the vertical direction;underwater detection force and devices should be the main measures.%针对现代核动力潜艇声场信号特征越来越弱、常规声探潜手段越来越难以发现的问题，根据核动力潜艇热特征对其实施探测的理论和方法进行了研究。定义了潜艇热隐蔽性、热安全性、热可见性、热防护、热特征等概念，并以美国“弗吉尼亚”级核动力潜艇为例研究了其热特征。研究结果表明：核动力潜艇水下航行会形成显著热特征，热特征主要由潜艇水下运动破坏海水温度分层引起；热探测应主要依据垂直（深度）方向上海水温度变化，应以水下反潜兵力和设备为主要热探测手段。