Using firm-level data from 1 2 major industries of Chinese manufacturing industry for 1 999,2003,and 2007,this paper measured differences in firm-level productivity among entering,exiting and continuing firms,and decomposed industry-level productivity growth based on the measurement of Griliches and Regev(1 995 ).It found that entering and exiting firms have lower average productivity than incumbents and exiting firms have the lowest average productivity.Entering firms are themselves heterogeneous,and the more initial productive members of the group are more likely to survive,and their produc-tivity is very likely to converge to the productivity level of incumbents.It also found that the productivity differential between entering and exiting firms accounts about 8%-30% for industry-level productivity growth in most industries during the study periods,and the productivity growth of continuing firms accounts about 1 0%,and the contribution of the reallocation of market shares accounts above 60%.%测算1999、2003和2007年3个时点中国12个主要制造业行业中进入、退出和在位企业间生产率的差异，并用Grili-ches和Regev（1995）分解方法首次对行业生产率的增长进行分解。结果发现：进入企业和退出企业的平均生产率都低于在位企业，退出企业平均生产率最低；进入企业自身存在异质性，最初生产率高的进入企业更可能存活，且其生产率很有可能收敛至在位企业的水平。考察期内绝大部分行业生产率增长的来源中，进入和退出企业生产率的差异约占8％-30％，在位企业自身生产率的增长只占10％左右，而市场份额重置导致的生产率增长约占60％以上。
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