对桂林地区菜地土壤和蔬菜锌含量进行大规模调查,评价其累积程度,并评估食用蔬菜摄入锌的健康风险.共采集了192个土样,其中32个为背景土样;同时,从桂林市主要蔬菜种植区和农贸市场分别采集了471和95个蔬菜样品,测试其锌含量.结果表明:桂林市土壤锌含量呈西部低、东南部和东北部高的特点;菜地土壤锌含量范围、算术均值、中值和几何均值分别为9.87 ～423.8、105.0、88.2和93.8 mg/kg,与背景样点比较积累效应显著.蔬菜锌含量范围、中值和几何均值分别为0.058～20.6、2.39和2.45 mg/kg鲜重,综合超标率为0.53％;豆苗、花菜和豆类锌富集能力较强.桂林市居民通过蔬菜消费摄入锌的量为0.659 mg/(人·d),远低于人体需求量,建议多种植和食用富集锌能力强的蔬菜.%A survey of zinc in soil and vegetables of Guilin is conducted, for evaluating pollution, and potential risk to local inhabitants. 160 soil samples are collected from vegetable fields and 566 fresh vegetable samples from production fields and stalls. The spatial distribution of Zn in soil is low in west, and high in southeast and northeast of. Zinc concentrations range from 9. 87 to 423. 8 mg/kg, with arithmetic, median, and geometric means of 105. 0, 88. 2 and 93. 8 mg/kg, respectively. Compared with the background zinc concentrations of soil in Guilin, there appears a significant accumulation of zinc from vegetables fields. Zinc concentrations in the edible plant portions range from 0.058 to 20.6 mg/kg fresh weight, with median and geometric means of 2,39 and 2.45 mg/kg fresh weight, respectively. The rate of synthesis exceeding is 0. 53%. Hierarchical cluster analysis on the zinc bio concentration factor ( BCF) in vegetables indicates that the plant samples could be separated into three groups based on BCF. Bean sprouts, cauliflower and beans with the highest BCFs have strong accumulation ability. The average ingestion rate of zinc from vegetables is 0.659 mg/person/day for people of Guilin, far below human demand. It is proposed that more zinc-rich vegetables be planted in Guilin.
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