广西巴马小型猪2型糖尿病模型的建立及其牙龈组织病理学观察

摘要

Objective:To establish Bama minipig model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)and to observe its gingival histopathology.Methods:14 male Bama minipigs were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group,with 7 cases in each.The animals in the experimental group were treated with high-carbohydrate-fat diet for 7 months,and then injected with 80 mg/kg streptozotocin via auricular vein at once.The minipigs in the control group were given basal diet and injected with saline.After 9 months of experiment,gingival tissues of Bama minipigs were collected and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE).The gingival histopathological changes were observed.Results:After 7 months of high-carbohydrate-fat diet,the average body weight,fasting blood glucose (FBG),fasting insulin (FINS) and triglyceride (TG) of minipigs in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜ 0.05).The levels of FPG and TG in the experimental group were still higher than those in the control group after STZ injection,but the level of FINS was decreased (P＜ 0.05).Gingival epithelial rete pegs of minipigs in the experimental group exhibited round and blunt,and the thickness increased.Destroyed reticular fibers,local vascularization and a large amount of inflammatory cell infiltration were also observed in the experimental group.However,there was no significant histopathological change of gingival tissues in the control group.No statistical difference was found in the scores of inflammation between the two groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusions:The model of T2DM in Bama minipigs could be successfully established by the treatment with high-carbohydrate-fat diet and injection with 80 mg/kg STZ.There were significant inflammatory changes in the gingival epithelium and connective tissues of Bama minipigs with T2DM.%目的:建立广西巴马小型猪2型糖尿病(T2DM)动物模型,并观察其牙龈组织病理学改变.方法:将14只雄性巴马小型猪,按照随机数字表法分为实验组和对照组,每组7只.实验组给予高糖高脂饲料喂养,7个月后于耳缘静脉一次性注射80 mg/kg的链脲佐菌素(STZ).对照组以基础饲料喂养,7个月后同时注射等量生理盐水.共喂养9个月.检测两组动物生化指标,取牙龈组织行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色,观察牙龈组织病理学变化.结果:高糖高脂饲喂7个月后,实验组小型猪平均体重、空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)及甘油三酯(TG)水平均明显高于对照组(均P＜0.05);实验组注射STZ 1个月、2个月后,FPG、TG仍继续升高(P＜0.05),而FINS水平明显下降(P＜0.05).实验组牙龈组织上皮钉突变圆顿、厚度增加,结缔组织疏松,网状纤维破坏,局部血管化明显,且存在大量炎性细胞浸润,而对照组改变不明显.两组炎症程度评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:用高糖高脂喂养联合80 mg/kg STZ注射可成功复制巴马小型猪T2DM模型,且小型猪牙龈上皮和结缔组织存在明显的炎症改变.