Though implementing "one child one family" policy for long, China is entering into an "aged society" , bringing about more serious social problems. The 12th Five Year Plan will be an important episode for China to step into a well-off society and also an important period to deal with such problems. Clearly, we should not only maintain a rapid economic growth, but also build up a necessary endowment system for the aged. How to establish a China-specific pension system is of paramount importance. Citing Japan as a reference frame, the authors analyze the reasons, procedures and methods for establishing China' s aged insurance patterns and offer some suggestions on how to popularize the aged insurance system under the pressure of an aging society.%我国在实行“计划生育”为国策的背景下开始步入老龄化社会，作为13亿人口的大国，今后养老问题必将日益突出。“十二五”期间是我国建成小康社会的重要时期，也是应对人口老龄化的重要机遇期。在这一时期，我们需要在保持经济稳步快速发展的同时，而且需要加快建成与时代相符并符合中国国情的养老模式。本文以日本作为参照对象，分析其养老模式由非正式制度转向正式制度的原因、过程及方式，为我国老龄化压力下养老社会化提供参考。
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