从《伯夷列传》到《司马穰苴列传》看《史记》列传文体前期的发展

摘要

《史记》列传文体形态丰富多变，一直受到历代《史记》评点家、研究者的关注而尚未开展深入的研究。《史记》列传的前四篇(《伯夷列传》、《管晏列传》、《老子韩非列传》、《司马穰苴列传》)实际上包含着《史记》列传在文体上早期的形态变化，这种变化呈现出引用和评论手段的缩减，以及叙事成分的不断加重的趋势，也即意味着《史记》列传文体由传统经传转向为新型史传的重要转变。%The literary form style of biography of ShiJi is complex and varied. Importance had been always attached to this problem by researchers in past dynasties, yet profound study had not been done. The first four biographies in ShiJi, including Biography of BoYi, Biography of GuanZi and Yanzi, Biography of LaoZi and HanFei, Biography of Simarangju,contained the change of style about the early Biography of ShiJi. This change presented the trend that quote and comment reduced while narration increased at the same time, that there was a great change in the literary form style of Biography of ShiJi into ShiZhuan Sytle from JingZhuan Sytle.