基于 PHA 与 FMEA 的企业安全评价方法的应用研究

摘要

In production activities,accidents will be affected by production equipment,operations staff,management systems and external factors.Enterprise accident risks stem from improper treatment of the danger points during the process,resulting serious consequences.This paper builds enterprise security value elements propagation model, taking the Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA),failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)as the basis to propose a comprehensive enterprise safety evaluation method.This paper starts from the analysis of the production system to the exploration of the critical danger points,and then make the final system failure mode analysis so as to pro-pose measures for improvement.Then through the examples of construction of enterprise tower crane to verify its effectiveness,thereby increasing the practicality of this safety evaluation method.%在企业生产活动中，生产事故会受到生产设备、操作员工、管理体系以及外部因素的多重影响。企业事故的风险源于对过程危险点未妥善处理，继而产生严重的后果。通过建立企业安全价值要素传递模型，以预先危险性分析法(PHA)和失效模式与效应分析(FMEA)为基础，提出了全面的企业安全评价方法。从企业生产系统的剖析，到关键危险点的发掘，最后进行系统失效模式分析并提出相应的改进措施。通过建造企业中塔吊的实例验证其有效性，从而提高了该安全评价方法的实用性。