动力学 Monte Carlo 方法对量子点生长微观机理模拟的研究进展∗

摘要

为深入理解生长因素及应变对量子点形成的影响,科研工作者采用动力学蒙特卡罗方法对量子点的生长进行了大量研究。简要概括了采用动力学蒙特卡罗法(kinetic monte carlo,KMC)模拟量子点生长的研究进展。主要从模型结构和原子间相互作用势的差异来介绍量子点二维层状生长向三维岛状生长过渡、成核位置、量子点尺寸分布以及量子点形貌转变等内容。此外还简单介绍了图形衬底上有序量子点生长的模拟研究进展,为量子点生长及应用奠定了坚实的基础。%To understand the factors which effects the formation of quantum dots (QDs),the kinetic Carlo (KMC)method has been extensively used to simulate QD growth.In this paper,the advantage and the progress of KMC method have been well introduced.Based on the model structure and the interaction potential between atoms,we discussed the QD growth process including the transition from 2 D to 3D growth,the nucleation site,the QD size distribution,and the morphology evolution respectively.Moreover,the calculation progress on the ordered QDs grown on the patterned substrate is also concluded.Our review may give some beneficial guid-ance for the nanomaterial growth and the consequent device fabrication.