石墨烯基光催化剂在能源转化方面的应用∗

摘要

石墨烯半导体复合纳米材料被视为一种最有潜力的光催化剂，由于其独特的物理化学性质在太阳能转化为化学能领域十分引人注目。石墨烯基光催化剂活性的增强机理包括光生电子-空穴对复合的减少，光吸收范围的扩大和光吸收强度的增强，表面活性位点的增加以及光催化剂化学稳定性的改善。综述石墨烯基光催化剂在能源转化如光催化分解水和CO2的光催化还原成碳氢化合物的应用并且简要分析了其活性增强的机理。%Graphene-semiconductor nanocomposites,considered as a kind of most promising photocatalysts, have shown remarkable performance and drawn significant attention in the field of photo-driven chemical con-version using solar energy,due to the unique physicochemical properties of graphene.The photocatalytic en-hancement of graphene-based nanocomposites is caused by the reduction of the recombination of electron-hole pairs,the extension of the light absorption range,increase of absorption of light intensity,enhancement of sur-face active sites,and improvement of chemical stability of photocatalysts.Recent progress in the photocatalysis development of graphene-based nanocomposites is highlighted and evaluated,focusing on the applications of graphene-based photocatalysts on solar energy conversion such as water splitting and photoreduction of CO2 into renewable fuels and the mechanism of graphene-enhanced photocatalytic activity.