PBS/水曲柳木屑木塑复合材料制备和吸水性的研究

摘要

采用双螺杆挤出机和注塑机成功制备了由可生物降解丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)和水曲柳木屑组成的木塑复合材料.利用扫描电镜研究了木塑复合材料中水曲柳木屑和PBS基体的界面粘附和木屑嵌入情况;利用电子万能试验机、差热分析仪对吸水前后的PBS和木塑复合材料进行抗拉强度、抗弯强度、热力学性能的测试.结果表明,水曲柳木屑和PBS界面相容性良好,显著提高了木塑复合材料力学性能;在木屑含量为30%(质量分数)时,PBS/水曲柳木屑复合材料的抗拉强度和抗弯强度可达74.4和114.4 MPa;木屑含量为30%(质量分数)的PBS/水曲柳木屑复合材料吸水率最高可达4.5%,此时抗拉强度和抗弯强度分别降低32.1%和13.4%,达到50.5和99.0 MPa,这可能是由于水的增塑作用以及木质颗粒和PBS吸水后膨胀系数不一致导致的界面应力造成的.%Wood-plastic composite made of biodegradable butanediol diacetate (PBS)and ash wood chips was successfully prepared by double screw extruder and inj ection molding machine.In this paper,the interface adhe-sion and wood chip embedding in wood-plastic composites were studied by scanning electron microscope.The tensile and flexural strength and thermodynamic properties of PBS and wood-plastic composites were tested by electronic universal testing machine and differential thermal analyzer.Results show that the interface compati-bility of ash wood chips and PBS is good,which significantly improves the mechanical performance.Tensile strength and flexural strength of the composites with 30wt% sawdust can reach 74.4 and 114.4 MPa.The water absorption rate of composites with 30wt% sawdust can be up to 4.5%,then the tensile strength and flexural strength of the materials decrease by 32.1% and 13.4% respectively,reaching 50.5 and 99.0 MPa.This may be due to the plasticizing effect of water and the interface stress caused by the inconsistent expansion coefficients of the wood particles and PBS.