经济结构转型与城乡居民收入差距：理论和经验解释

摘要

This paper analyzes the relationship between structural change and income inequality.We present a theoretical model of structural transformation and the urban-rural income inequality.The model suggests that the first structural transformation will expand the urban-rural income gap,the second economic structure transformation will narrow the income gap.Based on the provincial panel data of China,We present empirical evidence of structural transformation having a significant effect on income inequality.The increasing proportion of the industrial and service sector enlarge the urban-rural income gap.The increasing proportion of services sector narrow the urban-rural income gap.%经济结构转型与城乡居民收入差距扩大是当前我国经济面临的两大问题。经济结构转型与城乡居民收入差距理论模型的研究结果表明：第一次经济结构转型会扩大城乡居民收入差距，第二次经济结构转型会缩小城乡居民收入差距。利用我国1985－2012年省际面板数据进行实证检验的估计结果发现，第一次经济结构转型中工业和服务业占比的提高扩大了城乡居民收入差距，而第二次经济结构转型下服务业占比提高缩小了城乡居民收入差距。