Based on 8 morphological characters between Japanese Meretrix lusoria and two Chinese species of Meretrix, by means of multivariate morphometrics and traditional taxonomy methods, and then we analyzed with One-Way ANOVA, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis and Mantel test for investigating morphological variations among them and evaluated Japanese M. Lusoria species validities. Results and inference are as follows: (1) One-Way ANOVA showed that there were 5-8 significant differences among 8 morphological characters between Japanese M. Lusoria and two Chinese species of Meretrix (f < 0.05). (2) Results of cluster analysis showed that six M. Meretrix populations formed a separate cluster, among which, the southern populations were a cluster while the northern populations were another. Japanese M. Lusoria was close to Changle M. Lusoria. (3) In principle component analysis, three principle components were constructed by factor loading. The contribution ratios of four principle components were 34. 88% ,18.61% ,16. 89% , respectively, and the cumulative contribution ratio was 70.38%. The three dimensional Scatter diagram further indicated that Japanese M. Lusoria and Changle M. Lusoria had no overlap with the different M. Meretrix populations. (4) Eight discriminant functions of Japanese M. Lusoria and two Chinese species of Meretrix were established, and the discriminant accuracy was 39.09% -100% for Px and 47.06% -100% for P2. The average diseriminant accuracy was 70. 60% . The discriminant accuracy of Japanese M. Lusoria was 100% and that of M. Lusoria was above 91. 67%. (5) Results of Mantel test showed that geographical distance and Euclidian distance of all Meretrix populations were significant(r = 0. 623 7,P <0.01). Above results indicate that Japanese M. Lusoria and Changle M. Lusoria should belong to M. Lusoria, which were the different geographical populations. According to the MAYR 75% rule,the results indicated five out of eight morphological characters were above 1. 28,so the difference of the two M. Lusoria populations was greater than difference between subspecies.%为探讨日本文蛤与中国文蛤属2种贝类的形态差异及日本文蛤的物种有效性,采用多变量形态度量,结合传统分类方法,获得日本文蛤和中国大陆文蛤属2种贝类8个形态比例性状,并做单因素方差分析、聚类分析、主成分分析、判别分析及Mantel检验.结果表明,(1)单因子方差分析显示,日本文蛤与中国大陆文蛤属2种贝类,在8个比例性状中存在着5～8个显著差异(P＜0.05)；(2)聚类分析表明,6个文蛤地理种群距离相近,且呈现南北分别聚为一类,而日本文蛤与长乐丽文蛤相近；(3)主成分分析构建了3个主成分,其贡献率分别为34.88％、18.61％、16.89％,累积贡献率为70.38％,三维主成分散布图进一步表明日本文蛤与丽文蛤均独立于文蛤不同地理种群重叠区之外；(4)判别分析构建了8个判别函数,判别准确率P1为39.09％～100％,P2为47.06％～100％,日本文蛤与中国大陆文蛤属2种贝类的综合判别率为70.60％,其中日本文蛤判别准确率为100％,丽文蛤判别准确率高于91.67％；(5) Mantel检验结果表明,各种群间的地理距离与欧氏距离之间存在显著相关性(r=0.623 7,P＜0.01).研究认为,日本文蛤属于丽文蛤,与长乐丽文蛤属于同一种不同地理种群；根据MAYR等提出的75％规则,8个比例性状中有5个性状大于1.28,两个丽文蛤群体已达到亚种水平.
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