海洋鱼类摄食生态与食物网研究进展

摘要

This paper firstly summarized the experimental methods on marine fish feeding ecology and food web ,mainly including stomach contents analysis, stable isotope analysis, compound-specific stable isotope analysis and behavior methods, their development and current applications.Secondly, the progress and achievement of fish diet composition, foraging types, food consumption and distribution in body were introduced.The strategies of marine food web research based on traditional stomach contents analysis,focusing on simplified food web, developing in stable isotope analysis techniques and ecosystem modeling were also presented.Finally, the trends of marine fish feeding ecology and food web research were predicted;furthermore, the problems and deficiency of the development and research in this field in China were discussed.%首先总结归纳了海洋鱼类摄食生态与食物网研究中的实验方法,主要包括胃含物分析法、碳氮稳定同位素法、特定化合物同位素法等实验方法的发展历史和应用现状;随后介绍了海洋鱼类摄食生态与食物网最新研究进展和取得的成绩,主要包括海洋鱼类摄食生态中食物组成、摄食方式、摄食量和食物用于机体各种生命活动分配方式,以及海洋食物网研究中以传统胃含物分析法为基础、以简化食物网为核心,碳氮稳定同位素技术和生态系统模型的应用发展;最后,着重分析了我国海洋鱼类摄食生态和食物网研究中有待解决的问题,并对该领域今后的发展趋势进行了展望.