龙须菜苯丙烷类抑藻活性物质的分离纯化及其对6种赤潮微藻的抑藻活性

摘要

采用溶剂浸提、液液萃取、硅胶柱层析和硅胶薄层层析等分离方法以及红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振谱等光谱技术,初次从龙须菜中纯化得到4种苯丙烷类化合物:邻苯二丙酸、gossonorol、7,10-epoxy-ar-bisabol-11-ol和对羟基苯乙醇,并进一步分析了此4种苯丙烷类化合物对强壮前沟藻、赤潮异弯藻、米氏凯伦藻、球形棕囊藻、东海原甲藻和中肋骨条藻生长的影响.结果表明,它们对以上6种赤潮微藻的生长表现出明显的选择性抑制作用.其中,邻苯二丙酸、gossonorol和对羟基苯乙醇表现出更为广泛的抑藻活性.比较此4种苯丙烷类化合物和重铬酸钾对赤潮微藻生长的半抑制效应浓度EC50-96 h,发现邻苯二丙酸对强壮前沟藻、赤潮异弯藻和球形棕囊藻,gossonorol和羟基苯乙醇对赤潮异弯藻和球形棕囊藻,7,10-epoxy-ar-bisabol-11-ol对赤潮异弯藻和米氏凯伦藻在生长抑制方面比重铬酸钾更具有优势.%Four phenylpropanoid antialgal compounds (1-4) were successfully isolated from Gracilaria lemanei-formis through a combination of solvent soak, liquid-liquid extraction, silica gel column chromatography and re-peated preparative thin-layer chromatography. On the basis of the spectral data, the compounds were identified as benzene-1,2-propanoic acid (1), gossonorol (2), 7,10-epoxy-ar-bisabol-11-ol (3), and p-hydroxyphenylethanol (4). These 4 compounds were isolated from marine macroalgae for the first time. Further, a quantitative relationship between the inhibition of algal growth and the concentration of each phenylpropanoid antialgal compound was de-termined and important parameters for future practical HAB control, e.g. EC50-96 h, were also obtained. The results indicated that isolated compounds 1-4 possessed selective antialgal activity against the growth of several red tide microalgae (Amphidinium carterae , Heterosigma akashiwo, Karenia mikimitoi, Phaeocystis globosa, Proro-centrum donghaiense, and Skeletonema costatum). Their antialgal activity against the tested red tide microalgae has not been previously reported. Among them, benzene-1,2-propanoic acid (1), gossonorol (2) and p-hy-droxyphenylethanol (4) showed more extensive antialgal activities against the tested red tide microalgae. Further-more, benzene-1,2-propanoic acid (1) against A. carterae, H. akashiwo and P. globosa; gossonorol (2) and p-hy-droxyphenylethanol (4) against H. akashiwo and P. globosa; and 7,10-epoxy-ar-bisabol-11-ol (3) against H. akashiwo and K. mikimitoi possessed better application potential than potassium dichromate as a characteristic an-tialgal agent against these red tide microalgae.