美国HEO预警卫星覆盖性能分析

摘要

Missile early warning satellite is an important part of missile defense system,it's an effective tactic early warning measure,and it plays an indispensable role in wars.The characteristics of highly eccentric orbit (HEO) and the course of development of early warning satellites on highly eccentric orbit of America are analyzed,and the orbit characteristics and coverage performance of two satellites on highly eccentric orbit in space-based infrared system (SBIRS) are modeled and analyzed by satellite tool kit(STK).On the basis of analyzing above,measures and advices on developing early warning satellites on highly eccentric orbit are brought forward.%导弹预警卫星是导弹防御系统的重要组成部分,是战略预警的有效手段,在战争中起着其他装备无法替代的重要作用.首先分析了大椭圆轨道(highly eccentric orbit,HEO)特性与美国HEO预警卫星发展历程,并利用STK (satellite tool kit)软件对美国天基红外系统(space-based infrared system,SBIRS)中的2颗HEO预警卫星轨道特性与覆盖性能进行了仿真分析,在此基础上,提出了发展HEO预警卫星星座的相关对策与建议.