School of Atmospheric Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;
Institute of Energy and Climate Research,IEK-8:Troposphere,Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH,Jülich 52428,Germany;
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong 999077,China;
China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 100193,China;
Particulate nitrate; Reactive nitrogen; Particulate matter; Formation mechanism; Air pollution control;