Significant contribution of secondary particulate matter to recurrent air pollution:Evidence from in situ observation in the most polluted city of Fen-Wei Plain of China

摘要

Particulate matter(PM_(2.5))pollution in high emission regions will affect air quality,human health and climate change on both local and regional scales,and thus attract worldwide attention.In this study,a comprehensive study on PM_(2.5)and its chemical composition were performed in Yuncheng(the most polluted city of Fen-Wei Plain of China)from November28,2020 to January 24,2021.The average concentration of PM_(2.5)was 87.8±52.0μg/m^(3),which were apparently lower than those observed during the same periods of past five years,attributable to the clean air action plan implemented in this region.NO_(3)^(-)and organic carbon(OC)were the dominant particulate components,which on average contributed 22.6%and16.5%to PM_(2.5)2.5,respectively.The fractions of NO_(3)^(-),NH_(4)^(+),OC and trace metals increased while those of crustal materials and elemental carbon decreased with the degradation of PM_(2.5)pollution.Six types of PM_(2.5)sources were identified by the PM_(2.5)F model,including secondary inorganic aerosol(35.3%),coal combustion(28.7%),vehicular emission(20.7%),electroplating industry(8.6%),smelt industry(3.9%)and dust(2.8%).Locations of each identified source were pinpointed based on conditional probability function,potential source contribution function and concentration weighted trajectory,which showed that the geographical distribution of the sources of PM_(2.5)roughly agreed with the areas of high emission.Overall,this study provides valuable information on atmospheric pollution and deems beneficial for policymakers to take informed action to sustainably improve air quality in highly polluted region.