State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center forEco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;
Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;
Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021,China;
Sonication; Dispersion; Dithiothreitol(DTT); assay; Carbon; nanomaterials;