基于对钢铁制造流程中碳排放源的解析,分析了国内外钢铁工业温室气体排放的现状和特点,指出钢铁工业排放的温室气体中主要是 CO2,且主要由能源消耗引起.钢铁工业或企业的 CO2排放计算方法有多种,涉及直接排放、间接排放和排放权抵扣等方面,因此,不同出处的 CO2指标之间一般不具有可比性.对1991—2008年中国钢铁工业的 CO2排放的直接排放量进行估算,结果表明,中国钢铁工业生产1 t 粗钢的 CO2直接排放量由1991年的3.29 t 下降到2008年的约1.92 t,说明中国钢铁工业的节能减排工作取得了重大进展.此外,介绍了国外钢铁行业 CO2减排技术(如 ULCOS、COURSE 50等)的开发进展；分析了中国钢铁工业以二次能源利用为主的低碳技术在“十二五”时期末的温室气体减排潜力,指出随着低碳(节能)技术的普及率的提高,预计到“十二五”时期末(2015年),生产1 t粗钢将在2005年的基础上产生104.01 kg 的 CO2减排量.最后提出了中国钢铁工业温室气体减排发展的途径、措施、减排路线图及政策建议.% Based on the analysis of carbon emission sources in steel manufacturing process, the status quo and the characteristics of GHG emission in the steel industry are analyzed. It is concluded that CO2 is the major greenhouse gas that contributes to greenhouse effect and it is mainly caused by energy consump-tion. As there are many CO2 emission calculation methods for the steel industry or plants, involving aspects such as direct emission, indirect emission, and credits, it should be noted that it makes little sense to compare CO2 emission indexes from different sources. Based on the estimation of direct CO2 emissions in the steel industry in China from 1991 to 2008, it is indicated that the specific direct CO2 emission per ton steel is de-creased from 3.29t in 1991 to 1.92t in 2008, which shows that energy-saving and emission reduction in the Chinese steel industry has made significant progress. Besides, this paper introduces international develop-ments in low carbon technologies, such as ULCOS, COURSE 50, etc.. Meanwhile, the low-carbon technolo-gies, mainly the secondary energy utilization technologies, and CO2 emission reduction potential during the“Twelfth Five-year Plan” in China are analyzed. This paper predicts that, compared with the specific CO2 emission per ton steel in 2005, the figure in 2015 will be reduced by 104.01kg. Finally, GHG emission re-duction measures and roadmap in Chinese steel industry are put forward, and some policies are suggested.
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