建筑业是安全事故高发行业，一定的安全成本投入是降低安全事故、维护安全施工的必要手段，其具体数量和变化趋势主要受社会宏观因素和企业微观因素影响和制约。利用专家打分法详细分析了建筑施工企业安全成本主要微观影响因素及其权重；在此基础上分析了施工安全程度、安全生产法制环境、社会发展水平及施工现场管理水平等因素对安全成本演变趋势的影响，认为较高的安全保证度会造成较大的保证性安全成本率和安全成本保损比，施工安全度与安全成本则是动态变化关系；其余各影响因素的改进提升一般会促进保证性安全成本提高、损失性安全成本降低，而总安全成本则处于可控状态。%Construction industry is the industry of high incidence of accidents. Some safety cost is a necessary measure to reduce accidents and maintain safe construction. The concrete quantity and change trend of safety cost are affected and restricted by social macro-factors and enterprise micro-factors. The paper defines the concept,type,characteristics of safety cost first,and introduces its change of macro impact factors. Then using the expert scoring method,the paper analyses the micro-factors and their weights detailed of safety cost of construction enterprises. On the basis of above research,the paper analyses the influence of construction safety degree,legal system environment of production safety,the level of social development and management level of construction site to the evolution trend of safety cost. The research result is that the high safety degree will cause greater assurance safety cost ratio and of insurance loss ratio of safety cost,in the mean time,the relationship of construction safety degree and safety cost is dynamic. The improvement of rest affecting factors will increase assurance safety cost and reduce loss safety cost generally,while the total safety cost is under control.
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