Spalling hazard affects the surface stability and its appearance. Conclusions can be made by investigating the spalling hazard in loess slopes on Huanglin-Yan'an expressway in Shaanxi province, with the assistance of theoretical analysis. The development state of spalling hazard is related with the factors including layer and lithology, geographic and geomorphic conditions, geological structure, the style of slope and its angle value. This paper establishes the classification criteria of spalling hazard in loess slope after combined with topological engineering method and the appraise of spalling hazard in loess slopes. The spalling hazard development state is represented by the correlation function. The calculation method for Matter-Element correlation degree is put forward. The method has a very important role in loess area for investigation and treatment of loess apalling hazard in loess slopes.%黄土边坡剥落病害影响黄土边坡的坡面稳定及环保美观.以黄延高速公路黄土路堑边坡剥落病害为背景,采用现场调查结合理论分析的方法,研究了黄土边坡剥落病害的发育特征;将发育特征与可拓工程方法相结合,实现了黄土边坡剥落病害发育程度的评价.研究结果表明:(1)黄土中节理裂隙分布密度大于6条·m-1时,极易发生剥落,小于2条·m-1时,基本不发生剥落.黏粒含量大于15%时,剥落病害越易发生,小于5%时,不易发生剥落.黄土边坡开挖量越大、剥落产生的厚度越大.黄土边坡坡体节理裂隙促使剥落病害的发生.当黄土边坡单级坡高大于10m、坡度大于60°时,容易出现重力型剥落病害;而单极坡高小于4m、坡度小于50°时,边坡坡面很少出现剥落病害.(2)针对影响黄土边坡剥落病害发育因素的复杂性和模糊性,重视实践中的经验,将可拓工程方法与黄土边坡剥落发育程度评价相结合,提出了黄土边坡剥落发育程度的物元关联函数及物元关联度的计算方法.建立了适合可拓学理论的黄土边坡剥落发育程度的分类标准,实现了定性与定量评价结合.
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