Objective:To comprehend the characters of constitutions in the population of different characteris⁃tic through a survey of the Chinese Medicine Constitution in the Tang Xia Community,which provided the Theo⁃retical basis for the supporting and application of constitution theory in health management. Methods:238 cas⁃es of hyperlipide mia were collected as an observation group and 199 cases of normal lipid metabolism as a con⁃trol group. In light of Classification and Critical Table of Constitution in Chinese Medicine,the constitution types were judged and their distribution was observed. Chi-square test was applied to analyze the relationship between the constitution factors on hyperlipidemia. Results:The main constitution types were phlegm damp constitution, qi deficiency constitution,dampness heat constitution. The difference in the distribution of the constitution types was signifcant statistically between the observation group and the control group. In the observation group,the per⁃centages of 4 constitution types,phlegm damp constitution,named qi deficiency constitution,yang deficiency con⁃stitution,neutral constitution,and were different significantly in statistics as compared with those in the control group(P< 0.05). Conclusion:The phlegm damp and qi deficiency constitutions may be the risk factors of hy⁃perlipidemia,and it′s of great value to adjust the pathological constitution and improve the health.%目的：通过对广州市棠下街社区卫生服务中心所服务的9个辖区的437例血脂异常患者进行中医体质调查，探讨社区高脂血症患者的体质类型特点，为发挥中医“治未病”优势提供理论依据。方法对437例患者采用临床流行病学的方法，将其中有高脂血症的患者238例作为观察组，无脂代谢异常的患者199例作为对照组，采用χ2检验分析体质因素与高脂血症患病的关系。结果调查显示痰湿质、气虚质、湿热质是最常出现的3种体质。观察组、对照组体质类型分布差异有统计学意义，观察组中痰湿质、气虚质、阳虚质、平和质4种体质与对照组不同，且差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论痰湿质与气虚质可能是高脂血症患者的危险因素，可以考虑作为预防和治疗高脂血症的关键。
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