电力系统稳定器PSS4B参数优化的研究

摘要

PSS4B作为一种新型多频段电力系统稳定器, 因其在超低频段抑制振荡的巨大潜力而受到广泛关注.首先, 将遗传算法中的交叉操作引入粒子群优化算法, 形成一种混合粒子群优化算法, 应用于PSS4B参数优化过程.然后, 根据发电机Heffron-Philips模型计算励磁系统无补偿相频特性, 比较和分析功角开环与功角闭环下, 无补偿相频特性的特点和差异.最后, 基于功角开环励磁系统无补偿相频特性, 采用混合粒子群优化算法对PSS4B进行参数的协调优化, 获得优良的相位补偿效果.通过Simulink平台对比分析无PSS、PSS4B优化前、后的时域动态响应, 仿真结果表明:经优化的PSS4B在不同频段上均能提供有效的阻尼, 具备较强的适用性.%As a new multi-band power system stabilizer (PSS), PSS4 Bdraws wide attention because of the great potential in constraining the ultra-low frequency oscillations.Firstly, a hybrid particle swarm optimization (HPSO)algorithm is proposed by introducing the crossover operation of genetic algorithm into the particle swarm optimization (PSO)algorithm for the optimization of PSS4 Bparameter.Secondly, the phase frequency characteristic without compensation of excitation system is calculated in term of the Heffron-Philips model.The uncompensated phase frequency characteristics are compared and analyzed when the power angle is in a open-loop and a closed-loop.Based on the open-loop characteristics, the hybrid particle swarm optimization is applied to the optimization of PSS4 Bparameters coordination and achieves an excellent phase compensation effect.On the Simulink platform, the time-domain dynamic response without PSS, PSS4 Bbefore and after optimization are compared and analyzed in detail.Simulation results show that the optimized PSS4 Bprovides a effective damping in different frequency bands with a strong applicability.