高应变率下玄武岩纤维和芳纶纤维的拉伸断裂性能

摘要

The tensile experiments of basalt filament and Twaron filament at high strain rates were carried out with split Hopkinson tension bar (SHTB). Experimental results showed that the mechanical properties of the basalt filament and Twaron filament were rather sensitive to strain rate. The scanning electronic microscope (SEM) photographs of the fracture surface indicated that the basalt filament failed in a more brittle mode and the fracture surface of the filament got more regular as the strain rate increased, while the Twaron filament failed in a more tough mode and the axial split became more severe as the strain rate increased.%利用分离式Hopkinson拉杆试验装置(split Hopkinson tension bar,SHTB),测试玄武岩纤维和芳纶纤维在高应变率下的拉伸断裂性质,试验表明玄武岩纤维和芳纶纤维都是应变率敏感性材料.通过扫描电子显微镜(scanning electronic microscope,SEM)观察得知,玄武岩纤维的断裂模式为脆性断裂,断裂横截面随着应变率的提高趋于规整；芳纶纤维的断裂模式为韧性断裂,随着应变率的提高,纤维产生明显的原纤化效应.