高负载纳米氧化锌棉织物的整理及其阻燃性能

摘要

通过氨熏中和法,在棉纤维上负载高比例的纳米氧化锌,使得棉织物具有纳米氧化锌一般的抗菌和防紫外功能外,还具有一定的阻燃效果.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对整理后的棉织物进行了性能分析,并讨论了锌离子质量分数与织物拉伸性能的关系,锌离子质量分数、氨熏时间及焙烘温度对织物阻燃性的影响,以及水洗次数对氧化锌负载量和阻燃性能的影响.结果表明:纤维之间、纤维表面以及棉纤维内部孔隙都生成了锌氧化物;当锌离子质量分数为15％,氨熏时间为10 min,焙烘温度为150℃,焙烘2 min时,棉织物上纳米氧化锌的负载率可以达到15.63％,并且棉织物具有较好的阻燃性能.%By ammonia smoked neutralization,high proportion of nano-ZnO can be loaded in cotton fibers,the cotton fabric can obtain flame-retardance,in addition to antibacterial and UV blocking property.The morphology of the treated cotton fabrics is characterized by X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The effect of mass fraction of zinc ion,time of ammonia smoked and curing temperature on the tensile properties of the fabric,flame-retardance and washability of cotton fabrics are investigated.It is proved that nano-ZnO can be loaded between cotton fibers,the surface and inside of the lumen and the mesopores of cotton fibers;the finished fabric can obtain good flame-retardance,under the condition of mass fraction of zinc ion 15％,ammonia smoked for 10 min,curing at 150 ℃ for 2 min,while the load rate of nano-ZnO in fabric can reach 15.63％.