多元醇改性亲水共聚酯纤维的结构与性能

摘要

由于聚酯大分子结构缺少极性吸湿基团,其亲水性尚待改善.以精对苯二甲酸(PTA)和乙二醇(EG)为基本单体,以间苯二甲酸双羟乙酯-5-磺酸钠(SIPE)为第三单体、聚乙二醇(PEG)为第四单体以及多元醇为第五单体,采用酯化和缩聚反应制备得到具有高亲水性的共聚酯,并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热失重分析仪(TGA)、接触角测试仪(CA)和纤维强力仪对亲水共聚酯的结构与性能进行表征.结果表明:亲水共聚酯由于含有多羟基结构,而赋予其以优异的亲水性能,并且由于多元醇的引入,破坏了其结构的整体规整性,因此结晶性变差,且熔点降低;同时多羟基结构导致亲水共聚酯的耐热温度低于纯聚酯.通过熔融纺丝得到的亲水共聚酯具有良好的可纺性,并且亲水共聚酯纤维吸湿性好,纤维强度可以满足家纺要求.%Because of lacking hydrophilic groups,hydrophilicity of polyester fiber needs to be improved.The hydrophilic copolyester was prepared with terephthalic acid (PTA) and ethylene glycol (EG) by esterification and polycondensation reaction.The 5-sodium sulfobis-(hydroxyethyl) isophthalate (SIPE) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are the third and fourth monomer respectively,and the polyol is the fifth monomer.The structure and properties of hydrophilic copolyester were measured by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),differential scanning calorimetric (DSC),thermogravimetry analysis (TGA),contact angle (CA) and mechanical tester.The results indicate that the hydrophilic copolyester contains polyhydroxy group leading to excellent hydrophilicity.Besides,its overall regularity is damaged due to the introduction of polyols.Thus,the crystallinity becomes worse and melting point declines.While the heat resistance temperature of hydrophilic polyester is lower than that of polyester because of its polyhydroxy structure.Hydrophilic copolyester,obtained by melt spinning,has good spinnability,and its fiber was obtained by melt spinning,and the fiber had good hygroscopicity and mechanical properties,it can meet the requirements of textile.