荷斯坦牛首次产犊日龄与305d产奶量遗传参数的评估

摘要

本研究以新疆呼图壁种牛场4647头中国荷斯坦牛群体1982~2010年共28年配种记录、生产性能记录和产犊记录为研究材料,以首次产犊日龄与头胎305 d产奶量为研究对象,利用SAS 8.1软件、MTDFREML 2000f软件对数据进行处理,进行非遗传因素分析,构建单性状动物模型、应用非求导约束极大似然法(DFREML)估计性状的方差组分,估算出首次产犊日龄与头胎305 d产奶量的遗传参数.结果表明:首次产犊日龄与头胎305 d产奶量的遗传力分别为0.07和0.19.首次产犊日龄与头胎305 d产奶量之间的遗传相关和表型相关分别为-0.12、-0.105.本研究对新疆地区荷斯坦牛首次产犊日龄与头胎305 d产奶量做了系统的分析,探讨了首次产犊日龄与产奶量之间的遗传关系,也为优化育种方案和遗传评定提供了理论依据.%The 28 years of hybridization record,productive performance record and calving record for 4647 Holstein cows in Xinjiang Hutubi Cattle Farm from 1982 to 2010 were studied.Age at first calving and 305-day milk yield of first parity were considered for genetic evaluation.SAS8.1 and MTDFREML2000f software were used for data processing,and DFREML algorithm based on single trait animal model was employed for estimating variance components,heritability and genetic correlation.The results showed that the estimated heritability of age at first calving and 305-day milk yield of first parity were 0.07 and 0.19,respectively.The estimates of genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation between the two indexes were-0.12 and-0.105,respectively.The paper systematically analyzed age at first calving and 305 day milk yield of first parity of the Holstein cattle in Xinjiang,discussed the genetic relationship between them,which would provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the breeding plan and genetic evaluation.