能量均衡的无线传感器网络节点非均匀分布路由协议

摘要

针对现有无线传感器网络(WSN)分簇路由协议因节点分布不均匀而造成能量不均衡、“热区”能量空洞问题,提出一种能量均衡的节点非均匀分布路由协议.该协议以节点“度”、节点到Sink节点的距离及节点平均剩余能量与节点本身剩余能量的比值作为竞选主(副)簇头的参数,并且各簇之间通过路由树与Sink节点通信.仿真结果表明,本协议可降减少于“热区”内或节点密度高的簇的簇头轮换次数,推迟出现第一个死亡节点的时间,使网络负载更加均衡,延长了网络的生命周期.%Concerning the unbalanced energy and "hotspot" energy hole problems caused by uneven distributed node in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) clustering routing protocols, an energy-balanced uneven distributed node routing protocol was proposed. In the routing protocol, the three parameters, I. E., the "degree" of the node, the distance of nodes to Sink, and the ratio between the average residual energy of cluster's nodes and the node itself residual energy, were considered when primary( deputy) cluster head was chosen, and each cluster communicated with Sink through routing tree. The simulation results show that the new protocol can reduce the cluster head rotation frequency when cluster is in "hotspot" or cluster's destiny is high, delay the first node's death time, and make the energy consumption more balanced and the network life cycle longer.