基于无监督学习卷积神经网络的振动信号模态参数识别

摘要

针对现有的时域模态参数识别方法大多存在难定阶和抗噪性差的问题,提出一种无监督学习的卷积神经网络(CNN)的振动信号模态识别方法.该算法在卷积神经网络的基础上进行改进.首先,将应用于二维图像处理的卷积神经网络改成处理一维信号的卷积神经网络,其中输入层改成待提取模态参数的振动信号集合,中间层改成若干一维卷积层、抽样层,输出层得到的为信号对应的N阶模态参数集合;然后,在误差评估中,对网络计算结果(N阶模态参数集)进行振动信号重构;最后,将重构信号和输入信号之间差的平方和作为网络学习误差,使得网络变成无监督学习网络,避免模态参数提取算法的定阶难题.实验结果表明,当所构建的卷积神经网络应用于模态参数提取时,与随机子空间识别(SSI)算法及其局部线性嵌入(LLE)算法对比,在噪声干扰下,构建的卷积神经网络识别精度要高于SSI算法与LLE算法,具有抗噪声强、避免了定阶难题的优点.%Aiming at the problem that most of the existing time-domain modal parameter identification methods are difficult to set order and resist noise poorly,an unsupervised learning Convolution Neural Network (CNN) method for vibration signal modal identification was proposed.The proposed algorithm was improved on the basis of CNN.Firstly,the CNN applied to two-dimensional image processing was changed into the CNN to deal with one-dimensional signal.The input layer was changed into the vibration signal set of modal parameters to be extracted,and the intermediate layer was changed into several one-dimensional convolution layers,sampled layers,and output layer was the set of N-order modal parameters corresponding to the signal.Then,in the error evaluation,the network calculation result (N-order modal parameter set) was reconstructed by the vibration signals.Finally,the squared sum of the difference between the reconstructed signal and the input signal was taken as the network learning error,which makes the network become an unsupervised learning network,and avoids the ordering problem of modal parameter extraction algorithm.The experimental results show that when the constructed CNN is applied to modal parameter extraction,compared with the Stochastic Subspace Identification (SSI) algorithm and its Local Linear Embedding (LLE) algorithm,the convolutional neural network identification accuracy is higher than that of the SSI algorithm and the LLE algorithm under noise interference.It has strong noise resistance and avoids the ordering problem.