目的：测定不同孕周胎儿房室腔正常值范围、大血管径线及血流速度，评价各孕周房室腔大小及血流速度与孕周的动态变化规律。方法4139例中晚期孕妇根据不同孕周分为三组，A组：孕18～22周（91例）；B组：孕23～28周（3315例）；C组：孕29～40周（733例）。超声心动图扫查胎儿心脏，测量各相关参数，分析各参数与孕周的关系。结果各组间胎儿心脏房室腔、大血管径线正常值及胎儿心脏血流速度正常值比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。主动脉、主肺动脉、右肺动脉、左肺动脉、动脉导管内径、动脉导管长度、左房长径、左房横径、右房长径、左房横径、左室长径、左室横径、右室长径、右室横径、卵圆孔内径、室间隔厚度、左室壁厚度、右室壁厚度、动脉导管收缩期流速与孕周均呈正相关（P＜0．05）。结论正常胎儿心脏发育各心腔及大血管的径线与孕周呈正相关，这可为胎儿心脏发育异常及胎儿先天性心脏病的超声诊断提供正常对照。%Objective To measure the atrioventricular cavity size and the great artery diameters of normal fetuses at different gestational weeks, and to evaluate the dynamic variation of the parameters among different gestational weeks. Methods Totally 4139 cases of middle-late pregnant women were divided into three groups according to gestational weeks, including group A(18~22 weeks, 91 cases), group B(23~28 weeks, 3315 cases) and group C(29~39 weeks,733 cases). Color Doppler echocardiography was used to scan fetal hearts. The relevant parameters were measured,the relationship between them and gestational age was analyzed. Results There were significant differences in the normal fetal heart size, great artery diameter and cardiac flow velocity among three groups(P<0.05). The correlation coefficients and the following various measured parameters were obtained. These parameters include the diameter of aorta, the main pulmonary artery, right and left pulmonary artery, arterial duct diameter and length, transverse and longitudinal diameter of left and right atria, left and right ventricle, foramen ovale size, ventricular septal, left and right ventricular wall thickness and systolic velocity of arterial duct. All these parameters were positively correlated with gestational weeks (P<0.05). Conclusion The cardiac chamber size and diameter of great arteries are positively correlated with gestational weeks, which provides a normal control for the diganosis of abnormal development and congenital heart diseases in fetuses.
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