目的：调查北京安定医院住院的儿童青少年精神疾病患者抗精神病药使用情况。方法：回顾分析住院年龄≤18岁患者出院当日使用抗精神病药情况。结果：共有1827例患者入组，其中1621例出院当日处方有抗精神病药；位于处方频率前5依次为喹硫平、奥氮平、阿立哌唑、利培酮、帕利哌酮缓释片/氨磺必利；双相障碍与抑郁发作使用频率最高的抗精神病药为喹硫平，精神分裂症和精神发育迟滞伴发精神障碍为奥氮平，起病于童年和青少年的情绪和行为问题为阿立哌唑；喹硫平、奥氮平、利培酮用药剂量青少年患者显著高于儿童患者，男性患者显著高于女性患者（ P ﹤0.05或 P ﹤0.01）；阿立哌唑使用呈逐年上升趋势，奥氮平呈逐年下降趋势。结论：儿童青少年精神疾病住院患者的抗精神病药处方主要为非典型抗精神病药，不同年龄、性别用药剂量不同，阿立哌唑的处方频率呈上升趋势。%Objective:To investigate the application of antipsychotics on pediatric inpatients with psychiat-ric diseases in Beijing Anding Hospital. Methods:Retrospectively analysed the prescription of antipsychotics for pediatric inpatients(≤18 years)when they left hospital. Results:One thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven inpatients were enrolled,and 1 621 cases were prescribed antipsychotics. The first five antipsychotics were quetiapine,olanzapine,aripiprazole,risperidone,paliperidone extended-release tablet/ amisulpride. The most frequently antipsychotic drug used for bipolar disorder and depression was quetiapine;and the most for schizo-phrenia and mental retardation accompanied with mental disorder was olanzapine;while the most for behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence was aripiprazole. The dosages of quetiapine,olanzapine,risperidone were signifcant higher in adolescent than child inpatients;males were sig-nifcant higher than females(P ﹤ 0. 01 or P ﹤ 0. 05). The application of aripiprazole increased while olazapine decreased yearly. Conclusion:The dominated antipsychotics for pediatric inpatients were atypical antipsychot-ics,and the dosages were different according to ages and gender. Aripiprazole was prescribed increased yearly.
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