儿童缺血性脑卒中的高危因素及诊断进展

摘要

脑卒中是导致儿童死亡的十大原因之一,而在脑卒中存活患儿中仍有较高的致残率和复发率,对个人、社会有很大的影响.儿童脑卒中常见危险因素与成人明显不同,主要包括先心病、血液系统及血管方面疾病、感染、镰状细胞病、烟雾病等.目前对于儿童脑卒中的最佳急性治疗的研究亟待进行.因此,明确脑卒中的高危因素积极采取二级预防十分重要.文章主要针对儿童缺血性脑卒中的诊断及高危因素进行文献综述.%Pediatric stroke is one of the top 10 causes of death in children with high disability rate and relapse rate, with consequences of problems on individuals and community. The risk factors of childhood stroke are apparently different from adults, mainly including cardiac diseases, hematologic and vascular disorders, and infection. Risk factor identification and proper prevention are critical for reducing prevalence and improving prognosis of this disease. This review focuses on diagnosis and risk factors of childhood cerebral ischemic stroke.