反复喘息婴幼儿潮气呼吸肺功能及其与生长的相关性

摘要

Objectives To study the relationship of recurrent wheezing and obesity among infants. Methods In 118 recurrent wheezing infants, the growth level are assessed based on the WHO standard. Meanwhile, all the infants are divided into two subgroups (normal-weight, overweight/obese), and the tidal breath lung function (tidal breath flow volume loop) are analyzed. Results Among the infants of 1-3 years old, for the growth level, the recurrent wheezing infants have higher index of weight, but almost the same level of height, compared with the WHO standard. For the tidal breath lung function, tidal volume (VT/kg) is significantly impaired in overweight/obese subgroup in comparison to the normal-weight subgroup. But the ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow (tPF) to total expiratory time (tE) and ratio of volume to peak expiratory flow (VPF) to total expiratory volume (VE), which reflect the airway obstructions to a certain extent, have no statistical differences among the two subgroups. Conclusions Rather than the height index, the weight index is significantly higher in the recurrent wheezing infants than the level of WHO standard. Compared with normal-weight patients, the tidal volume of overweight/obese recurrent wheezing in overweight/obese group is lower, but no significant differences are found for other parameters of airway obstructions.%目的 了解反复喘息婴幼儿潮气呼吸肺功能及其与生长的相关性.方法 选择118例反复喘息婴幼儿为研究对象,测定其身长、体质量等生长指标及潮气呼吸肺功能参数.将反复喘息婴幼儿的生长水平与世界卫生组织(WHO)儿童生长标准进行对比,评估罹患反复喘息疾病患儿的生长情况;将纳入患儿分为非超重组75例、超重组43例,比较两组患儿潮气呼吸肺功能特点.结果 无论男性还是女性反复喘息患儿体质量水平均高于WHO儿童生长标准的均值,差异有统计学意义(t=3.91、3.25,P均<0.05);而身长水平与WHO儿童生长标准均值差异无统计学意义(t=1.76、1.24,P均>0.05).超重组患儿的潮气量(VT)低于非超重组,吸呼比(tI/tE)高于非超重组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.68、3.15,P均<0.01);反映气道阻塞指数的达峰时间比(tPF/tE)、达峰容积比(VPF/VE)在两组之间的差异无统计学意义(Z=0.73、1.31,P均>0.05).结论 反复喘息患儿的体质量水平高于WHO标准均值.超重的反复喘息患儿潮气量较非超重患儿下降,大小气道阻塞两组间无明显差异.