医护干预对长期血透患者疾病不确定感及社会支持的影响

摘要

目的 探讨医护干预对维持性血液透析患者疾病不确定感与社会支持状况的影响.方法 将130例维持性血液透析患者随机分为干预组、对照组各65例,对照组仅接受常规护理,干预组在常规护理的基础上予以疾病相关的个体化、全面性医护干预,即心理干预、治疗护理、生活指导、家庭支持等.比较分析2组患者在干预前、后的疾病不确定感量表、社会支持量表的评分.结果 患者干预前疾病不确定感处于中等程度,社会支持处于低水平,且疾病不确定感与社会支持之间存在显著的负相关.干预前2组疾病不确定感与社会支持评分的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);干预后干预组疾病不确定感显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),社会支持显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 医护干预可降低维持性血液透析患者疾病不确定感并提高其社会支持程度.%Objective To explore the influence of medical and nursing intervention on the disease uncertainty and social support in patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Methods 130 patients with maintenance hemodialysis were randomly divided into intervention group and control group,65 cases in each group.The control group was conducted with conventional nursing,while the intervention group was conducted with individualized and comprehensive medical and nursing intervention such as mental nursing,treatment and nursing,life guidance and family support on the basis of the control group.Scores of the Mishel's uncertainty in illness scale and social support scale were compared and analyzed between two groups before and after intervention.Results Before the implementation of intervention,the uncertainty in illness of MHD is medium,the level of social support is low,and there was a negative correlation between the disease uncertainty and social support(r =-0.354,P＜ 0.05).After the implementation of intervention,the disease uncertainty in the intervention group was obviously lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),and the social support was obviously higher than that in the control group (P ＜ O.05).Conclusion Medical and nursing intervention can reduce the disease uncertainty and improve level of social support in patients with maintenance hemodialysis.