食管静脉曲张破裂出血的急诊治疗进展

摘要

Esophageal variceal bleeding is a severe complication of cirrhotic portal hypertension and the main cause of mortality in patients. Studies revealed no significant differences in emergency hemostasis rate,fatality rate,and rebleeding rate between patients receiving endo-scopic treatment and vasoactive agents.The advances in emergency management of esophageal variceal bleeding,including endoscopic band ligation,sclerotherapy,and use of vasoactive agents,are reviewed,with emphasis on emergency endoscopic treatment and drug therapy for esophageal variceal bleeding.%食管静脉曲张破裂出血是肝硬化门静脉高压症严重的并发症之一，也是患者死亡的主要原因。研究分析表明，内镜治疗和血管活性药物治疗在急诊止血率、病死率和再出血率疗效方面没有明显差别。阐述了食管静脉曲张破裂出血的急诊治疗进展，主要包括内镜下套扎疗法、硬化疗法和血管活性药物使用，重点探讨了食道静脉曲张破裂出血的急诊内镜治疗和药物治疗的选择。