microRNA(miRNA)在转录后水平发挥重要的基因调控作用.近年来,随着miRNA在肿瘤发生、发展中的研究成为热点,恶性肿瘤的基因靶向治疗也取得了初步成就.miRNA let-7是最早发现的miRNA之一,可调控细胞周期、血管生成等,尤其是参与调节多种肿瘤细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡;let-7家族多数成员有抑癌基因的作用,在多种肿瘤组织中呈低表达而在恶性肿瘤患者血清中呈高表达;let-7与肝细胞癌(HCC)的侵袭性和耐药性密切相关,表明let-7有望成为肝癌早期诊断标志物,并为HCC治疗提供新的靶点.%MicroRNA (miRNA) play important roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation.In recent years, miRNA has become a hot topic in the research on the development and progression of tumors, and gene targeting therapy for malignant tumors has achieved preliminary progress.As one of the first discovered miRNA, let-7 can regulate the cell cycle and angiogenesis and is involved in the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of various tumor cells.Most members of the let-7 family can act as tumor suppressor gene and have low expression in various tumor tissues and high expression in the serum of patients with malignant tumors.Let-7 is closely associated with the invasion and drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).The studies above show that let-7 might become a new marker for the early diagnosis of HCC and provide new targets for the treatment of HCC.
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