梯级水库汛限水位动态控制域计算模型

摘要

针对梯级水库运行中由于汛期限制水位静态控制而导致洪水资源浪费问题,在上下游水库互为库容补偿的基础上,以不降低水库及梯级原有的防洪标准为前提,综合考虑其预泄能力约束及库容补偿能力约束,建立预泄能力-库容补偿能力双约束模型,用以推求梯级水库汛限水位动态控制域,并制定其动态控制方案,提高梯级水库对中小洪水资源的利用率.实例研究结果表明,该方案使得梯级水库的总发电量得到进一步提高.其中,多年平均发电量增加了0.113亿kW·h,占1.02％;多年平均弃水量减少了0.096亿m3,占0.45％.%For flood resources waste problem resulted from static control of flood limited water level in cascade reservoirs operation,a model is built to determine the dynamic control bounds of flood limited water level of cascade reservoirs in order to establish dynamic control schemes,so as to improve the utilization of small and medium-sized flood resources.The model is established on the basis of the upstream and downstream reservoir capacity of the mutual compensation.Under the precondition of not reducing flood control standard of reservoir and cascade reservoirs,the model consists of constrained pre-discharge capacity and constrained reservoir storage compensation capacity to determine;it considers the two capacity constraints.The results show that the model makes the generated energy of cascade reservoirs to get a further increase.Among them,the mean annual power output is increased 11.3 million kW · h,accounted for 1.02％.In addition,the mean annual surplus water is reduced 9.6 million m3,accounted for 0.45 ％.