基于事实型数据的科技政策理论与方法研究

摘要

In the 21st century, innovation is becoming the core of national strategy, and strengthening Science and Technology (S&T) Policy for Innovation has become the common choice of the whole world. Factual data play an important role in connecting innovation and S&T policy research, in ensuring S&T decision-making to be quantitative and rational.S&T Policy that based on factual data has gradually become an important basis and development trends of making innovation strategies in the world. After re-examining the innovation process and S&T policy research, the study put forward that factual datas are necessary for the research of S&T Policy for Innovation, and also systematically analyzed the role of factual data in the research of S&T Policy for Innovation. Besides, S&T Policy that based on factual data in UK and U. S. has been elaborated on, and the exploration and practice of carrying out S&T Policy that based on factual data in China have also been discussed in the last part, hope it will be conducive to China's S&T policy study and policy-making.%进入21世纪,创新日渐成为国家战略的核心,强化面向创新的科技政策研究成为世界各国的共同选择.事实型数据对于连接创新和科技政策研究、保障科技决策的定量化、科学化具有重要作用,基于事实的科技政策逐渐成为各国制定创新战略的重要基础和发展趋势.本文在重新审视创新过程及科技政策研究的基础上,提出面向创新的科技政策研究需要事实型数据支撑这一观点,并系统分析了事实型数据在面向创新的科技政策研究中的作用.此外,本文还系统梳理了英美等国开展的基于事实型数据的科技政策研究现状,并对我国开展基于事实型数据的科技政策研究的探索与实践进行了讨论,期望对我国的科技政策研究和科技决策工作有所借鉴.