为改进高速铁路轨道几何平顺性精调的测量精度与效率,本文提出一种基于双向近景摄影测量检测轨道几何状态的方法,通过从铁路正、反向里程对轨道进行双向摄影,以轨道控制网CPⅢ作为像控点,采用严密的光束法区域网平差理论,对轨道双向摄影图像进行联合平差处理,探索出近景摄影测量检测轨道中线偏差和轨面高程的计算模型与精度评估方法.仿真试验结果双向摄影相对于单向摄影的横向与高程精度分别提高85％和42％.现场轨道试验段计算结果表明,双向近景摄影测量检测轨道的横向偏差测量精度为2.4 mm,轨面高程精度为1.7 mm,满足规范要求的轨道中线偏差与轨面高程测量精度指标,可为高速铁路轨道静态几何状态测量提供一种高效检测技术.%In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of measuring track regularity of high-speed railways, a method of two-way photogrammetry was proposed. The track photographs were captured from two-way rails with CPIH points as exterior control points and were processed using the bundle block adjustment algorithm. The track coordinate determination model of close-range photogrammetry and accuracy assessment was theoretically presented. The simulation data show that the measurement accuracy in the transverse and vertical directions is respectively improved by 85% and 42%. The testing results in real track photogrammetry show that the accuracy in the transverse and vertical directions can reach respectively 2. 4 mm and 1. 7 mm, thus meeting the accuracy requirements for track measurement. The proposed two-way rail photogrammetry is promising for examining the static geometric track regularity of high-speed railways with high efficiency and high accuracy.
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