轨道车辆司机操纵台人机界面布局优化模型与算法

摘要

针对轨道车辆司机操纵台布局优化设计问题，引入 CSP 约束满足技术将工效学布局原则规范化，利用RULA 姿势负荷评价方法将司机驾驶作业动作因素定量化，提出了一种基于人因素和几何位置匹配因素的操纵台布局优化设计模型。然后利用粒子群优化算法对数学模型进行优化计算，其中借助模糊数学中的隶属度来描述约束条件，设计了一种适用于操纵台布局总匹配度评价的适应度函数。最后针对有22个操控器件、2个显示屏和4个指示灯的轨道车辆司机操纵台布局问题提出了初步的解决方案，证明了该方法的有效性。%The CSP technology was introduced to standardize the ergonomic principles for layout optimization of Metro train driver’s control desk,and quantitative human factors were incorporated by using the method of RULA.A mathematical model was developed for design optimization of driver’s desk layout on the basis of human factors and geometric matching.Then the particle swarm optimization algorithm was designed to solve the model,in which the membership degree of fuzzy mathematics was used to describe the constraint condi-tions,and a fitness function suitable for total compatibility evaluation of driver’s desk layout was developed. Finally,a preliminary solution was proposed for a driver’s desk which included 22 control devices,two displays and four indicator lamps,and the effectiveness of the proposed method was proved.