基于虚拟应答器的GNSS列车安全定位及风险分析

摘要

GNSS在交通行业的应用越来越广泛,在铁路行业非安全领域如乘客通知、列车到站时间估计等都已有成熟的应用.GNSS作为与安全相关的列车运行控制系统中的关键问题,GNSS接收机测量列车位置信息并提供安全校验信息,但基于目前的GNSS单点定位技术是一个挑战.本文就基于GNSS接收机的列车定位结果安全层实现方式提出两种实现方法,分别基于现有的ETCS系统及GNSS车载定位系统.在安全应用层的实现方法上,对GNSS虚拟应答器实现安全层的风险分配进行分析,提出GNSS虚拟应答器的风险指标方法.%The application of GNSS is widespread in the transportation industry.In the railway industry,non-safety related applications of GNSS are proven in the areas such as passenger notification system and train arri-val time estimation.As a safety related key issue in the train control system,the train location is measured by GNSS receiver and the safety integrity information is also provided.This is a challenge for GNSS standard po-sitioning service.This paper discussed two means of structure for safety integrity examination for GNSS re-ceiver measured train locations,respectively based on the existing ETCS system,and the GNSS on-board loca-tion system.Based on the proposed safety application structure,the risk allocation of the GNSS virtual balise for the application of the safety structure was analysed while the hazard allocation method for GNSS virtual balise was proposed.